5G Technical Indicators

The signature capability indicator is the Gbps user experience rate, a set of key technologies that includes large-scale antenna arrays, ultra-dense networking, new multiple access, full spectrum access, and new network architectures. Large-scale antenna array is one of the most important technical means to improve the spectral efficiency of the system. It will play an important supporting role to meet the requirements of 5G system capacity and speed. Ultra-dense network can achieve capacity improvement of one hundred times by increasing the deployment density of base stations, which is one of the most important means to meet the demand of 5G capacity growth.

The new multi-access technology improves the access capacity of the system through the superposition transmission of transmitted signals, which can effectively support the connection demand of the 100 billion devices in 5G network. Full-spectrum access technology can effectively alleviate the huge demand of 5G network for spectrum resources by effectively utilizing various spectrum resources. Based on advanced technologies such as SDN, NFV and cloud computing, the new network architecture can realize a new type of 5G network that is more flexible, intelligent, efficient and open and user-centered.

 

 
October 30th, 2019   |   Permalink   |  

A Timetable for the 5G Commercialization

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and China imt-2020 (5G) promotion group announced the 5G network timetable in November 2016. China will launch the second phase test of 5G network in 2017, conduct large-scale test networking in 2018, and start 5G network construction in 2019 on this basis, with the earliest official commercial 5G network in 2020.

At the 22nd meeting of the international telecommunication union (ITU)WP5D in June 2015, key elements such as IMT's name, vision and timetable were identified. In the IMT family of the international telecommunication union, the third generation mobile communication (3G) is called imt-2000 and the fourth generation mobile communication (4G) is called imt-advanced. Now, the fifth generation is officially named imt-2020.

The goal of 5G is to unify global standards, which are set by the ITU. As a non-technical organization, the ITU will commission technical organizations such as 3GPP to develop 5G standards. 3GPP is mainly negotiated by equipment vendors, terminal vendors and operators, and finally the technical standards and roadmap are determined.

According to 3GPP's timetable, early mobile 5G specifications will be launched as early as the end of 2017, and the first version of 5G standard will be launched in the second half of 2018. In China, according to the plan of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the second phase of 5G technology research and development test will be carried out in 2017, and the application scenarios of 5G mobile Internet and Internet of things will be verified by all manufacturers. After completing the second phase of testing, large-scale network technology development and testing will be conducted in 2018. After the official release of 5G standards, China will enter the stage of network construction, with the earliest commercial 5G network to be launched in 2020.

 
October 30th, 2019   |   Permalink   |  

What Are the Difficulties When You Learn Chinese Language.

The languages of the Chinese branch of the Chinese-Tibetan languages are often called Chinese. Although the Mandarin Chinese language is the only official language of the People's Republic of China and Taiwan (Taiwan), there are several variants of spoken Chinese. According to linguists, there are seven or ten languages (or dialects) in the Chinese language group. Most people in the Han community and many minority communities speak this language. Chinese is the mother tongue of about 120 million people (16% of the world's population). Writing words in Chinese is very difficult, because there are two types of six phonetics, and three types for phonetics.

The three main elements of the Chinese language are the letter format, the sound format, and grammar. There is no alphabet in Chinese. The Chinese language you see writing is actually a different word. You can call a Chinese word or character a pictograph or a pictograph. Chinese is to be pronounced as accurately as possible. If not, it will change its meaning completely. For the benefit of foreigners, Chinese scholars have simply introduced the Chinese pronunciation with the Latin alphabet. It is not possible to write Chinese pronunciation in Bangla without Fine in Latin. Because Chinese language sounds are not in Bangla. I will try to write pronunciation in Bangla only for the convenience of your understanding. In order to read PinYin, it is important to remember the pronunciation of PinYin. 

Unlike the English letters, there are some exceptions, as we pronounce in Bengal. For example, in English, we can compare B to B. But in Chinese Finnish 'B' will be pronounced 'P'. Again, the pronunciation of' does not become 'da' or 'da' as 'ta'. There are four vowels or tones in Chinese phonetics. These are the equal vowels of the first vowel or the upper vowel, the second vowel or ascending vowel, the third vowel or the wave vowel, and the fourth vowel or the descending vowel. There is another tone called a neutral tone. You must have heard of Suriname. There is a sound level change in each of the Sa Re Ga Ma. That's how I'm trying to show the sound level in this tone chart with a mark from 1 to 5. (Watch YouTube video) The sound level does not change to the same tone as the first volume or higher. Level 1 to 5 - This is the last, there is no vocal chord. In the case of the second tone, the sound level rises from 1 to 5. I'll give you an example later. In the case of the third vowel, the sound will start at level 2 and end at 3 We call it the wave tone. In the case of the fourth vowel, the sound level starts at 5 and ends at 1.

As I mentioned earlier, there are four types of tone marks in PinYin, which should be pronounced according to the mark. As you see here, the first vowel sign is given above the first 5. It will be pronounced 'a' in a higher level of equal tone. The second vowel is given above the second 5. It will be pronounced 'A' in ascending tone. The third vowel sign is given above the third 3. Its pronunciation will be 'A' in the wave tone. The fourth vowel sign is given above the fourth 4. It will be pronounced 'a' in a descending tone. If the pronunciation is not correct, the meaning of the Chinese language is completely changed. For this reason, PinYin should be well monitored when practicing Chinese.

 

 
October 30th, 2019   |   Permalink   |  

5G technology advantages

1G has enabled mobile calls, 2G has enabled SMS, digital voice and mobile Internet, 3G has brought picture-based mobile Internet and 4G has promoted mobile video. 5G is seen as the foundation of the Internet of things, the Internet of cars and other things in the future. At the same time, 5G popularization will make technologies including virtual reality and augmented reality mainstream. 4G was built for phones, not optimized for the Internet of things. 5G technology provides the Internet of things with enormous bandwidth. Compared with 4G, 5G networks can support 10 times more devices. It can be applied to intelligent sensors of automatic driving, ultra-hd video, virtual reality and Internet of everything.

 

5G network has three main characteristics: extremely high speed, extremely high capacity and extremely low delay. Compared with 4G network, the transmission rate is increased by 10-100 times, the peak transmission rate is up to 10Gbit/s, the end-to-end delay is up to ms level, the connected device density is increased by 10-100 times, the traffic density is increased by 1000 times, the spectrum efficiency is increased by 5-10 times, and the user experience can be guaranteed at a speed of 500km/h.

 

And 2 g, 3 g, 4 g for different from person to person communication, only 5 g in the design, consider the people and things, the content and the content of interconnection, the global telecommunication union accepted index of 5 g, in addition to the original base station peak rate requirements, puts forward eight indicators on 5 g: peak rate, rate of user experience, the base station capacity spectrum efficiency, flow space, mobile performance, network efficiency, connection density and time delay.

 

The biggest difference with 5G is that it will really help society build the "Internet of everything". Such as unmanned driving, cloud computing, wearable devices, smart home, telemedicine and other massive Internet of things, when 5G is mature enough, it can achieve the real sense of the Internet of things/things, people/things. With the help of 5G, disruptive applications such as new technological revolution artificial intelligence, new intelligent hardware platform VR, new travel technology unmanned driving, and new scenes of the Internet of everything can be spread out.

 
October 18th, 2019   |   Permalink   |  
 
 

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